Passive
voice
ada dua bentuk “voice” dalam bahasa
Inggris, active voice dan passive voice. Active voice menunjukkan
apa yang dilakukan oleh subjek, contoh:
- The secretary wrote a letter (Sekretaris menulis sebuah surat)
Passive voice menunjukkan apa yang
dilakukan terhadap subjek. Contoh:
- The letter was written by the secretary (Surat ditulis oleh sekreatir)
Bentuk
Kalimat pasif dibuat dengan kata
kerja “to be” dan kata kerja bentuk ke-3. Berikut beberapa tenses bahasa
Inggris utama yang digunakan dalam passive voice.
Tenses
Simple
present:
Present
continuous:
Simple
past:
Past
continuous:
Present
perfect:
Past
perfect:
Future:
Future
continuous:
Present
conditional:
Past conditional:
|
Subject
Flowers
Flowers
Flowers
Flowers
Flowers
Flowers
Flowers
Flowers
Flowers
Flowers
|
Verb “to be”
are
are being
were
were being
have been
had been
will be
will be being
would be
would
have been
|
Verb III
planted
every year
planted now.
planted
last year
planted
last summer.
planted
here for 10 years.
planted
until last year.
planted
next year.
planted
during the summer.
planted if
we had seeds.
planted if we had had seeds.
|
By
Untuk menyatakan apa penyebab sebuah
tindakan pasif, kita bisa menggunakan by. Contoh:
- This photo was taken by my friend.
- I was given this by my brother.
Seringkali tidak diperlukan untuk
menyatakan penyebab tindakan pasif, khususnya jika dipahami dengan jelas atau
tidak relevan. Sebagai contoh:
- The meeting was cancelled (pertemuan itu dibatalkan). (Informasi penting yang ingin disampaikan adalah pembatalan pertemuan, bukan siapa yang membatalkannya.)
- These boots were made in Italy (sepatu-sepatu boot ini dibuat di Italia). (Informasi yang penting dalam kalimat ini adalah bahwa sepatu-sepatu tersebut dibuat di Italia, bukan siapa yang membuatnya).
Born
Ketika berbicara tentang kelahiran
orang tertentu atau suatu peristiwa, kita menggunakan bentuk pasif “to be
born”. Contoh:
- I was born in Iran.
- The twins were born just last year.
Get
Get bisa digunakan menggantikan to be pada situasi dimana
sesuatu terjadi. Contoh:
- Our flight got cancelled =
Our flight was cancelled.
- I got paid today = I was paid today.
- I got paid today = I was paid today.
Get tidak bisa digunakan pada situasi-situasi umum dan apabila
bersama dengan kata kerja yang menyatakan keadaan (bukan tindakan). Contoh:
- He is liked by a lot of
people. - Benar
- He gets liked by a lot of people. - Tidak benar
- She is known to be a hard-working employee. - Benar
- She gets known to be a hard-working employee.- Tidak benar
- He gets liked by a lot of people. - Tidak benar
- She is known to be a hard-working employee. - Benar
- She gets known to be a hard-working employee.- Tidak benar
Get digunakan lebih sering dalam bahasa Inggris informal.
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